Spherical AISI 1010 Steel Powder

AISI 1010 Steel Spherical Powder, cold drawn Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1010 Steel Spherical Powder, cold drawn Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Spherical AISI 1010 Steel Powder characteristics -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Spherical AISI 1010 Steel Powder Particle Size -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: -:- -:- 0-15μm ,5-25μm, 15-45μm, 15-53μm,20-63um, 45-75μm, 45-105μm, 45-150μm ,75-150μm. (Various granularities can be customized according to customer requirements) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Spherical AISI 1010 Steel Powder Applicable processes -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Laser/electron beam additive manufacturing (SLM/EBM, 3D printing) Direct laser deposition (DLD) Used in thermal spray (TSA) Powder hot isostatic pressing (HIP) Metal injection molding (MIM) Powder metallurgy (PM) Laser cladding (LC), etc. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Spherical AISI 1010 Steel Powder Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1010 Steel, cold drawn Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **AISI 1010 Steel, Cold Drawn: Precision Cold-Finished Carbon Steel** ## **Product Overview** AISI 1010 Cold Drawn is a low-carbon steel product that has undergone cold drawing processing to achieve enhanced dimensional accuracy, superior surface finish, and improved mechanical properties compared to its hot-rolled counterpart. As part of the AISI 10xx series, AISI 1010 contains a nominal carbon content of 0.10%, providing a balanced combination of moderate strength, excellent weldability, and good formability. The cold drawing process involves pulling hot-rolled steel through a die at room temperature, resulting in work hardening that increases yield strength while maintaining sufficient ductility for many manufacturing applications. This product is particularly valued for applications requiring precise dimensions, smooth surface finish, and consistent mechanical properties. The cold drawn condition provides a scale-free, bright surface that is ready for immediate use in precision manufacturing operations without extensive secondary processing. --- ## **Chemical Composition (Weight %)** ### **Standard Composition per AISI/SAE Specification** | Element | Minimum | Maximum | Typical Analysis | |---------|---------|---------|-----------------| | Carbon (C) | 0.08 | 0.13 | 0.10 | | Manganese (Mn) | 0.30 | 0.60 | 0.45 | | Phosphorus (P) | - | 0.030 | 0.015 | | Sulfur (S) | - | 0.035 | 0.020 | | Silicon (Si) | - | 0.10 | 0.06 | | Iron (Fe) | Balance | Balance | Balance | ### **Processing Elements & Residual Control** * **Deoxidation Practice:** Aluminum-killed (0.02-0.07% Al) for consistent drawability * **Residual Elements (Typical):** * Aluminum (Al): 0.02-0.07% (intentional addition) * Copper (Cu): ≤0.20% * Nickel (Ni): ≤0.20% * Chromium (Cr): ≤0.15% * Molybdenum (Mo): ≤0.05% * **Nitrogen Control:** Typically <0.008% for improved drawing characteristics ### **Key Composition Features** * **Balanced Carbon Content:** Optimal for cold drawing without excessive work hardening * **Manganese Range:** Provides solid solution strengthening while maintaining drawability * **Controlled Impurities:** Low sulfur and phosphorus for improved cold working * **Consistent Chemistry:** Essential for uniform cold working response and dimensional stability --- ## **Physical & Mechanical Properties** ### **Physical Properties (Cold Drawn Condition)** | Property | Typical Value | Test Standard | |----------|---------------|---------------| | Density | 7.87 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) | ASTM A1032 | | Melting Point | 1,510-1,525°C (2,750-2,777°F) | - | | Thermal Conductivity | 51.5 W/m·K (at 20°C) | ASTM E1225 | | Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 11.7 × 10⁻⁶/K (20-100°C) | ASTM E228 | | Electrical Resistivity | 0.124 μΩ·m | ASTM B193 | | Modulus of Elasticity | 200-210 GPa (29.0-30.5 Msi) | ASTM E111 | | Poisson's Ratio | 0.29-0.30 | ASTM E132 | ### **Mechanical Properties (As-Cold Drawn)** | Property | Typical Value Range | Test Standard | |----------|-------------------|---------------| | Yield Strength (Rp0.2) | 300-360 MPa | ASTM A370 | | Tensile Strength (Rm) | 380-450 MPa | ASTM A370 | | Elongation (50mm gauge) | 15-25% | ASTM A370 | | Reduction of Area | 45-55% | ASTM A370 | | Brinell Hardness (HB) | 130-160 | ASTM E10 | | Rockwell Hardness | B80-B95 | ASTM E18 | | Fatigue Strength (10⁷ cycles) | 210-250 MPa | ASTM E466 | | Shear Strength | 250-300 MPa | - | ### **Cold Working Effects & Property Characteristics** * **Work Hardening Coefficient (n):** 0.18-0.22 * **Strength Increase vs. Hot-Rolled:** 30-40% higher yield strength * **Ductility Reduction:** 35-45% lower elongation than hot-rolled material * **Anisotropy:** Slight directional properties with higher longitudinal strength * **Residual Stress Pattern:** Compressive at surface, tensile in core * **Property Uniformity:** Excellent consistency across diameter and along length ### **Dimensional Stability** * **Minimal Distortion:** During subsequent machining operations * **Consistent Diameter:** Maintained throughout bar length * **Batch Consistency:** Excellent repeatability between production lots * **Surface Integrity:** Free from scale and minimal decarburization --- ## **Dimensional Specifications & Tolerances** ### **Standard Diameter Tolerances (ASTM A108)** | Diameter Range | Tolerance (±) | Ovality Maximum | |----------------|---------------|-----------------| | 6-12 mm | 0.05 mm (0.002 in) | 0.03 mm | | 12-25 mm | 0.08 mm (0.003 in) | 0.05 mm | | 25-50 mm | 0.10 mm (0.004 in) | 0.08 mm | | 50-100 mm | 0.13 mm (0.005 in) | 0.10 mm | ### **Special Tolerance Classes Available** * **Precision Drawn:** ±0.03 mm (0.001 in) on special request * **Commercial Quality:** ±0.15 mm (0.006 in) standard availability * **Ground Stock:** Oversize for final grinding operations * **Turned & Polished:** Superior surface finish for critical applications ### **Surface Characteristics** * **Surface Finish (Ra):** 1.6-3.2 μm (63-125 μin) typical * **Surface Condition:** Scale-free, bright metallic finish * **Decarburization:** Maximum 0.13 mm total depth per ASTM A108 * **Surface Defects:** Free from seams, laps, and harmful discontinuities * **Visual Appearance:** Smooth, uniform metallic surface ### **Straightness & Length Specifications** * **Straightness Tolerance:** 1.0 mm per meter maximum * **Standard Lengths:** 3-6 meters (10-20 feet) random or cut-to-length * **Length Tolerance (cut):** +2 mm / -0 mm for specified lengths * **End Condition:** Clean saw-cut, deburred, optionally chamfered * **Squareness:** Ends perpendicular to axis within 1° typically --- ## **Manufacturing Process & Characteristics** ### **Cold Drawing Process Flow** 1. **Starting Material:** Hot-rolled AISI 1010 rounds, pickled and phosphated 2. **Pointing:** One end reduced for initial die insertion 3. **Drawing Operation:** Pulled through carbide or diamond dies (15-30% area reduction) 4. **Straightening:** Rotary or gag straightening to achieve specified straightness 5. **Cutting:** Precision saw cutting to required lengths 6. **Surface Inspection:** 100% visual inspection for surface quality 7. **Final Processing:** Deburring, marking, and protective packaging ### **Machinability Characteristics** * **Machinability Rating:** 70-75% (relative to AISI 1212 = 100%) * **Surface Finish Capability:** Excellent, can achieve 0.8-1.6 μm Ra with proper tooling * **Chip Formation:** Continuous chips; chip breakers recommended * **Cutting Forces:** Moderate, approximately 15-20% higher than annealed material * **Recommended Machining Parameters:** * Cutting Speed: 70-100 m/min (230-330 SFM) * Feed Rate: 0.15-0.30 mm/rev (0.006-0.012 in/rev) * Depth of Cut: Up to 3 mm (0.120 in) for finishing operations * **Optimal Tool Materials:** Coated carbide (TiCN, TiAlN, or diamond-like coatings) * **Coolant Requirements:** Soluble oil or synthetic coolant recommended ### **Forming & Bending Characteristics** * **Cold Bending Capability:** Good for moderate bending operations * **Minimum Bend Radius:** Typically 1.5 × diameter for 90° bends * **Springback Characteristics:** Moderate, requires compensation in tool design * **Forming Limits:** More restricted than annealed material * **Work Hardening Effect:** Additional cold forming increases strength further * **Annealing Recommendation:** For severe forming operations requiring maximum ductility ### **Heat Treatment Response** * **Stress Relieving:** 550-600°C (1020-1110°F) for 1 hour, air cool * **Full Annealing:** 650-700°C (1200-1290°F) for 1-2 hours, furnace cool * **Normalizing:** 870-920°C (1600-1690°F), air cool * **Hardening Limitations:** Cannot be through-hardened by quenching * **Case Hardening Potential:** Excellent for carburizing (0.5-1.0 mm case depth) ### **Welding Characteristics** * **Preheat Requirement:** Generally not required * **Welding Process Compatibility:** All common processes suitable * **Recommended Processes:** GTAW and GMAW for best quality * **Filler Metal Selection:** ER70S-3, ER70S-6 for matching strength * **Heat Affected Zone Effects:** Some softening may occur * **Post-Weld Treatment:** Stress relieving recommended for critical applications ### **Surface Treatment Compatibility** * **Excellent Compatibility:** Electroplating, painting, powder coating * **Good Compatibility:** Anodizing, black oxide, phosphate coating * **Surface Preparation:** Minimal due to clean, scale-free surface * **Coating Adhesion:** Excellent due to clean, active metallic surface * **Plating Quality:** Superior for zinc, nickel, chrome, and other electroplates --- ## **Product Applications** ### **Precision Automotive Components** * **Engine Components:** Camshafts, valve guides, push rods * **Transmission Parts:** Shift rods, linkage components, bushings * **Suspension Components:** Tie rods, ball studs, pivot pins * **Steering Systems:** Rack and pinion components, steering shafts * **Brake Components:** Brake pedal shafts, adjuster mechanisms ### **Industrial Machinery & Equipment** * **Precision Shafting:** Machine tool spindles, drive shafts, line shafts * **Bearing & Bushing Stock:** Material for machined bearings and bushings * **Hydraulic Components:** Piston rods, cylinder rods, valve stems * **Fastener Manufacturing:** Raw material for precision bolts and studs * **Roller Components:** Conveyor rollers, idler rollers, guide rollers ### **Consumer Products & Appliances** * **Appliance Drive Systems:** Motor shafts, gear shafts, drive spindles * **Power Tool Components:** Drill chucks, motor shafts, arbor components * **Furniture Hardware:** Precision drawer slides, adjustment mechanisms * **Exercise Equipment:** Shafts, pins, rollers for fitness machines * **Hardware Items:** Precision dowel pins, hinge pins, alignment pins ### **Electrical & Fluid Power Systems** * **Valve & Actuator Components:** Valve stems, actuator rods, control shafts * **Pump & Compressor Parts:** Shaft stock, plunger rods, piston rods * **Electrical Components:** Rotor shafts, armature shafts, commutator parts * **Conduit & Fittings:** Threaded rod, connector pins, bushing stock * **Control Systems:** Linkage rods, control shafts, actuator components ### **Specialized Industrial Applications** * **Textile Machinery:** Spindle stock, roller components, guide rods * **Printing Equipment:** Roller shafts, impression cylinders, guide components * **Food Processing:** Conveyor shafts, roller cores, mixing shafts * **Medical Equipment:** Non-implantable instrument components * **Laboratory Equipment:** Precision shafts, support rods, instrument parts --- ## **Quality Grades & Specifications** ### **Quality Designations** * **Commercial Quality (CQ):** General purpose with standard requirements * **Shafting Quality (SQ):** Improved for rotating applications * **Cold Heading Quality (CHQ):** Optimized for fastener manufacturing * **Special Smooth Finish (SSF):** Enhanced surface for plating * **Turned & Polished (T&P):** Superior finish for critical applications ### **Testing & Certification Requirements** * **Chemical Analysis:** Certified per heat/lot with full elemental analysis * **Tensile Testing:** Per ASTM A370 with certified results * **Hardness Testing:** Rockwell B scale with specified ranges * **Surface Inspection:** 100% visual inspection for surface defects * **Dimensional Verification:** Statistical process control with certification ### **Additional Quality Requirements** * **Magnetic Particle Inspection:** For critical defect detection * **Ultrasonic Testing:** For internal quality assessment * **Microstructure Examination:** Grain size and inclusion rating * **Decarburization Verification:** Per ASTM E1077 * **Straightness Verification:** Laser measurement for precision --- ## **International Standards & Equivalents** ### **North American Standards** * **AISI/SAE:** 1010 * **ASTM:** A108 (Cold-Finished Carbon Steel Bars) * **UNS:** G10100 * **SAE:** J403, J412 * **AMS:** 5061 (Aerospace Material Specification) ### **European Equivalents** * **EN:** DC01 (1.0330) * **DIN:** C10 (1.0301), C10E (1.1121) * **BS:** 040A10, 060A10 * **NF:** XC10 * **UNI:** C10 ### **Asian Standards** * **JIS:** S10C, SWRCH10A * **GB:** 10, 15 (China) * **KS:** SM10C (Korea) * **IS:** 1010 (India) ### **Dimensional Standards** * **ASTM A108:** Cold-finished carbon steel bars * **ISO 1035:** Cold-finished steel bars - Dimensions * **DIN 1014:** Cold-drawn round steel bars ### **Processing Standards** * **ISO 4954:** Cold rolled steel strips * **ASTM A29:** General requirements for steel bars * **SAE J1397:** Steel, Drawn or Rolled, Cold-Finished Bars --- ## **Storage & Handling Protocols** ### **Optimal Storage Conditions** * **Indoor Storage:** Recommended to maintain surface quality * **Temperature Control:** 15-25°C (59-77°F) ideal * **Humidity Management:** <60% relative humidity * **Separation Protocol:** Store by grade, size, and quality * **Support Systems:** Store on racks to prevent bending * **Protective Covering:** Cover to prevent dust accumulation ### **Surface Protection Methods** * **Protective Oiling:** Light oil coating for extended storage * **VCI Protection:** Volatile corrosion inhibitor papers * **Desiccant Use:** In enclosed storage areas * **Regular Inspection:** Check for surface corrosion * **Cleaning Procedures:** Proper cleaning before use ### **Handling Equipment & Procedures** * **Lifting Equipment:** Use spreader bars for bundled material * **Transport Security:** Secure properly during transport * **Cutting Operations:** Use appropriate saws with proper blades * **Deburring Requirements:** Remove sharp edges after cutting * **Handling Tools:** Use non-marring tools to prevent surface damage --- ## **Technical Advantages** ### **Compared to Hot-Rolled AISI 1010** * **Tighter Tolerances:** ±0.08 mm vs. ±0.40 mm for equivalent diameters * **Superior Surface Finish:** 1.6-3.2 μm Ra vs. 10-25 μm Ra * **Enhanced Strength:** 30-40% higher yield strength * **Improved Straightness:** 1.0 mm/m vs. 3.0 mm/m maximum * **Scale-Free Surface:** No descaling required * **Better Dimensional Consistency:** Uniform dimensions throughout length ### **Manufacturing & Processing Benefits** * **Reduced Machining:** Less material removal needed * **Improved Tool Life:** Consistent properties enhance tool performance * **Superior Part Quality:** Better surface finish on final components * **Minimized Material Waste:** Tighter tolerances reduce scrap rates * **Enhanced Production Efficiency:** Reduced time for secondary operations ### **Economic Advantages** * **Lower Total Cost:** Reduced machining time and material waste * **Higher Material Utilization:** More usable material per bar * **Reduced Inspection:** Less dimensional verification needed * **Improved Yield:** Higher percentage of acceptable parts * **Quality Cost Reduction:** Fewer rejects and rework operations --- ## **Limitations & Design Considerations** ### **Material Limitations** * **Reduced Ductility:** Lower formability than annealed material * **Anisotropic Properties:** Directional strength characteristics * **Size Limitations:** Practical maximum diameter for cold drawing * **Springback:** Must be accounted for in forming operations * **Work Hardening:** Additional forming reduces ductility further ### **Processing Considerations** * **Annealing Requirements:** For severe cold forming operations * **Stress Relieving:** Recommended for dimensional stability * **Welding Effects:** Potential property reduction in HAZ * **Corrosion Susceptibility:** Bright surface shows corrosion readily * **Thermal Effects:** Properties affected above 300°C ### **Application Restrictions** * **Not for Severe Forming:** Without intermediate annealing * **Fatigue Applications:** Surface quality affects fatigue life * **High Temperature Service:** Limited to moderate temperatures * **High Stress Applications:** May require higher strength materials * **Critical Dynamic Applications:** May require additional heat treatment --- ## **Selection Guidelines** ### **When Cold Drawn AISI 1010 is Preferred** * Precision machining with tight tolerance requirements * Shafting applications requiring good surface finish * Fastener manufacturing requiring consistent properties * Applications minimizing secondary processing * Components requiring consistent dimensional accuracy * Parts needing superior surface for coating or plating ### **When Alternatives Should be Considered** * Severe forming operations requiring maximum ductility * Applications where cost minimization is critical * High temperature service applications * Corrosive environments without adequate protection * Very high strength requirements (>500 MPa yield) ### **Quality Level Selection** * **Commercial Quality (CQ):** General applications with standard requirements * **Shafting Quality (SQ):** Rotating components and precision applications * **Cold Heading Quality (CHQ):** Fastener and cold forming applications * **Special Finishes:** Applications requiring superior surface characteristics --- ## **Economic Justification** ### **Cost-Benefit Analysis** * **Material Cost Premium:** 25-40% over hot-rolled material * **Machining Cost Savings:** 30-50% reduction possible * **Material Utilization:** Improved yield reduces material waste * **Quality Cost Reduction:** Fewer rejects and reduced inspection * **Overall Value:** Total cost often lower despite higher material cost ### **Return on Investment Factors** * **Production Volume:** Higher volumes better justify premium * **Part Complexity:** More complex parts benefit more * **Quality Requirements:** Stricter requirements favor cold drawn * **Secondary Processing Costs:** Higher costs increase benefits * **Tooling Life:** Consistent properties may extend tool life ### **Supply Chain Considerations** * **Availability:** Widely available but may have longer lead times * **Minimum Orders:** May be higher than hot-rolled * **Supplier Options:** Multiple qualified suppliers available * **Inventory Management:** May allow reduced inventory --- ## **Environmental & Sustainability** ### **Recyclability & Environmental Impact** * **Complete Recyclability:** 100% recyclable without quality loss * **Recycled Content:** Typically 25-35% recycled material * **Production Energy:** Higher than hot-rolled due to additional processing * **End-of-Life Value:** High scrap value * **Environmental Footprint:** Lower than many alternative materials ### **Manufacturing Environmental Considerations** * **Energy Consumption:** Additional energy for cold drawing * **Lubricant Usage:** Drawing compounds require proper management * **Waste Generation:** Minimal waste in cold drawing process * **Water Usage:** Similar to hot-rolled production * **Emissions Control:** Modern facilities employ effective controls ### **Regulatory Compliance** * **REACH Compliance:** Meets European Union regulations * **RoHS Compliance:** Free from restricted hazardous substances * **Global Standards:** Meets international environmental requirements * **Safety Standards:** Complies with occupational health regulations * **Quality Systems:** Typically produced under ISO 9001 systems --- ## **Why Choose Cold Drawn AISI 1010?** ### **For Design Engineers** * **Predictable Performance:** Consistent mechanical properties * **Design Flexibility:** Enables tighter design tolerances * **Material Data:** Extensive technical data available * **Reliable Behavior:** Well-understood performance characteristics * **Technical Support:** Extensive industry knowledge available ### **For Manufacturing Engineers** * **Process Optimization:** Enables efficient manufacturing processes * **Quality Consistency:** Reduces process variability * **Reduced Setup Time:** Consistent material minimizes adjustments * **Improved Yield:** Higher percentage of acceptable parts * **Tooling Compatibility:** Works with standard manufacturing tooling ### **For Quality Assurance** * **Consistent Quality:** Reduced lot-to-lot variation * **Reduced Inspection:** Less dimensional verification required * **Traceability:** Good material traceability systems * **Certification:** Comprehensive material certifications available * **Documentation:** Complete technical documentation ### **For Purchasing & Supply Chain** * **Reliable Supply:** Established supply chains * **Cost Management:** Predictable pricing and availability * **Quality Assurance:** Established quality systems * **Supply Chain Security:** Multiple sources reduce risk * **Inventory Optimization:** Can reduce safety stock requirements --- *For critical applications, consider specifying additional testing or certification requirements. Always verify that cold worked properties meet specific design requirements, particularly for dynamic loading or fatigue applications. Consultation with material suppliers or metallurgical engineers is recommended for applications with stringent performance requirements.* -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1010 Steel, cold drawn Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <5402 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1010 Steel, cold drawn Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Spherical AISI 1010 Steel Powder Particle Size Description -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Applications of Spherical AISI 1010 Steel Powder -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Applications of AISI 1010 Steel Spherical Powder, cold drawn -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 1010 Steel Spherical Powder, cold drawn -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 1010 Steel Spherical Powder, cold drawn -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Spherical Powder drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1873 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition