Spherical ASTM A182, Grade F11, Class 1

ASTM A182, Grade F11, Class 1 Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A182, Grade F11, Class 1 Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Spherical ASTM A182, Grade F11, Class 1 characteristics -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Spherical ASTM A182, Grade F11, Class 1 Particle Size -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: -:- -:- 0-15μm ,5-25μm, 15-45μm, 15-53μm,20-63um, 45-75μm, 45-105μm, 45-150μm ,75-150μm. (Various granularities can be customized according to customer requirements) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Spherical ASTM A182, Grade F11, Class 1 Applicable processes -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Laser/electron beam additive manufacturing (SLM/EBM, 3D printing) Direct laser deposition (DLD) Used in thermal spray (TSA) Powder hot isostatic pressing (HIP) Metal injection molding (MIM) Powder metallurgy (PM) Laser cladding (LC), etc. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Spherical ASTM A182, Grade F11, Class 1 Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A182, Grade F11, Class 1 Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **ASTM A182/A182M, Grade F11, Class 1: Forged or Rolled Alloy-Steel Pipe Flanges, Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service** ## **Product Overview** **ASTM A182 Grade F11 Class 1** is a chromium-molybdenum (Cr-Mo) low-alloy steel specification for forged or rolled components intended for high-temperature service, primarily in pressure piping systems, pressure vessels, and valves. This material belongs to the "1¼Cr-½Mo" alloy family and is designed to provide enhanced oxidation resistance, improved high-temperature strength, and better hydrogen attack resistance compared to carbon steels. The "Class 1" designation indicates a **normalized and tempered** heat treatment condition, which provides an optimal balance of strength, toughness, and creep resistance for service temperatures up to approximately 593°C (1100°F). --- ## **GOVERNING STANDARD** - **Primary Standard:** ASTM A182/A182M - Standard Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service - **Latest Revision:** A182/A182M-24 - **Product Forms:** Forgings, rings, bars, and shaped pieces for piping components - **Scope:** Components for pressure vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings for high-temperature service --- ## **CHEMICAL COMPOSITION** ### **Elemental Requirements (Heat Analysis, wt%)** | Element | Minimum | Maximum | Metallurgical Function | |---------|---------|---------|------------------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.05 | 0.15 | Strength, hardenability | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.30 | 0.60 | Deoxidizer, strength, hardenability | | **Phosphorus (P)** | - | 0.025 | Impurity control (embrittlement) | | **Sulfur (S)** | - | 0.025 | Impurity control (machinability) | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.50 | 1.00 | Deoxidizer, strength | | **Chromium (Cr)** | 1.00 | 1.50 | Oxidation resistance, hardenability, strength | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | 0.44 | 0.65 | Creep strength, hydrogen attack resistance | | **Nickel (Ni)** | - | 0.50 | Impurity control (intentional addition rare) | | **Copper (Cu)** | - | 0.25 | Impurity control | | **Vanadium (V)** | - | 0.03 | Impurity control (intentional addition rare) | ### **Special Notes on Chemistry:** - **Chromium Equivalent:** Approximately 1.25% Cr - **Molybdenum Equivalent:** Approximately 0.50% Mo - **Carbon Range:** Class 1 typically uses the mid-to-upper carbon range (0.10-0.15%) for strength - **Silicon:** Higher than typical carbon steels for improved oxidation resistance ### **Product Analysis Tolerances:** Permissible variations from heat analysis per ASTM A182 Table 2 --- ## **HEAT TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS (Class 1)** ### **Mandatory Heat Treatment:** - **Normalizing Temperature:** 899-954°C (1650-1750°F) - **Tempering Temperature:** ≥ 677°C (1250°F) - **Cooling Rate:** Air cool from normalizing temperature - **Minimum Tempering Time:** 1 hour per inch (25 mm) of thickness ### **Microstructural Characteristics:** - **Structure:** Tempered bainite or tempered martensite (depending on section size) - **Prior Austenite Grain Size:** ASTM 5 or finer - **Carbide Distribution:** Fine, dispersed alloy carbides (M₃C, M₇C₃, Mo₂C) ### **Alternative Heat Treatments (Permitted):** - **Quench and Temper:** Oil or water quench followed by tempering - **Isothermal Transformation:** Austenitize and hold at bainitic transformation temperature --- ## **MECHANICAL PROPERTIES** ### **Room Temperature Requirements (ASTM A182 Table 1)** | Property | Minimum Requirement | Test Standard | Notes | |----------|---------------------|---------------|-------| | **Tensile Strength** | 415 MPa (60 ksi) | ASTM A370 | | | **Yield Strength (0.2% offset)** | 205 MPa (30 ksi) | ASTM A370 | | | **Elongation (in 50 mm or 2 in)** | 20% | ASTM A370 | Minimum | | **Reduction of Area** | 30% | ASTM A370 | Minimum | | **Hardness** | ≤ 197 HB (≤ 93 HRB) | ASTM A370 | Maximum | ### **Typical Achieved Properties (Normalized & Tempered):** | Property | Typical Range | Comments | |----------|---------------|----------| | **Tensile Strength** | 480-620 MPa (70-90 ksi) | | | **Yield Strength** | 275-415 MPa (40-60 ksi) | | | **Elongation** | 25-35% | | | **Reduction of Area** | 50-65% | | | **Hardness** | 150-180 HB | | ### **High-Temperature Properties:** | Temperature | Yield Strength (Typical) | Creep Rupture Strength (100,000h) | |-------------|-------------------------|-----------------------------------| | **427°C (800°F)** | ~240 MPa | ~80 MPa | | **538°C (1000°F)** | ~180 MPa | ~35 MPa | | **593°C (1100°F)** | ~140 MPa | ~15 MPa | --- ## **PHYSICAL PROPERTIES** | Property | Value | Conditions | |----------|-------|------------| | **Density** | 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) | Room temperature | | **Melting Point** | ~1480°C (2700°F) | Approximate | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 42.7 W/m·K | 100°C | | | 39.2 W/m·K | 500°C | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 11.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C | 20-100°C | | | 13.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C | 20-500°C | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | 460 J/kg·K | 100°C | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 200 GPa (29 × 10⁶ psi) | Room temperature | | | 170 GPa (24.7 × 10⁶ psi) | 500°C | | **Poisson's Ratio** | 0.29 | | --- ## **HIGH-TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS** ### **Oxidation Resistance:** - **Service Limit:** Up to 593°C (1100°F) in oxidizing atmospheres - **Scale Formation:** Forms protective Cr₂O₃ scale - **Comparison:** Better than carbon steel, inferior to higher chromium grades ### **Creep and Rupture Strength:** - **Design Basis:** ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section II, Part D - **Maximum Allowable Stress Values:** Provided up to 593°C (1100°F) - **Creep Regime:** Secondary creep dominant in service range ### **Hydrogen Attack Resistance:** - **Nelson Curve Compliant:** For hydrogen service per API 941 - **Temperature-Pressure Limits:** Defined for various hydrogen partial pressures - **Mechanism:** Molybdenum carbides resist methane formation --- ## **INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS & EQUIVALENTS** | Standard System | Designation | Equivalent Grade | Notes | |-----------------|-------------|-----------------|-------| | **ISO** | ISO 9327-2 | - | Similar Cr-Mo steels in different product forms | | **EN/DIN** | 13CrMo4-5 | 1.7335 | Similar but not identical chemistry | | **JIS** | SCMV 1 | - | Japanese pressure vessel steel | | **GB (China)** | 15CrMo | - | Similar Chinese grade | | **ASME** | SA-182 F11 | Identical | Same specification | | **UNS** | K11597 | - | Unified Numbering System | | **Common Names** | 1¼Cr-½Mo, 1.25Cr-0.5Mo | - | Industry terminology | ### **Related Material Specifications:** - **Plate:** ASTM A387 Grade 11 Class 1 - **Pipe:** ASTM A335 P11 - **Tube:** ASTM A213 T11 - **Bar:** ASTM A739 Grade B11 --- ## **MANUFACTURING & PROCESSING** ### **Forging Requirements:** - **Forging Temperature Range:** 1093-1232°C (2000-2250°F) - **Finishing Temperature:** ≥ 899°C (1650°F) for normalized products - **Reheating:** Permitted if mechanical properties are maintained ### **Machinability:** - **Relative Machinability:** 55% (compared to 100% for 1212 steel) - **Cutting Tools:** High-speed steel or carbide recommended - **Cutting Speed:** 30-45 m/min (turning) - **Feed Rate:** 0.15-0.30 mm/rev - **Coolant:** Recommended for productivity ### **Welding Characteristics:** - **Weldability:** Good with proper procedures - **Preheat Temperature:** 150-200°C (300-400°F) - **Interpass Temperature:** ≤ 300°C (572°F) - **Post-Weld Heat Treatment:** Mandatory - 677-760°C (1250-1400°F) - **Filler Metals:** AWS A5.5 E8018-B2, ER80S-B2 --- ## **NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS** ### **Mandatory Testing (per ASTM A182):** - **Hydrostatic Testing:** Required for completed forgings - **Visual Examination:** 100% of product surface - **Dimensional Verification:** Per purchase order requirements ### **Optional/Specified Testing:** - **Ultrasonic Testing:** Per ASTM A388 - **Magnetic Particle Testing:** Per ASTM A275/A275M - **Liquid Penetrant Testing:** Per ASTM E165/E165M - **Radiographic Testing:** Per agreement --- ## **PRIMARY APPLICATIONS** ### **Power Generation:** - **Fossil Fuel Power Plants:** Steam piping, headers, superheater/reheater components - **Boiler Systems:** Drum internals, attemperators, sootblower elements - **Turbine Piping:** Steam leads, bypass systems, drain lines - **Heat Recovery Steam Generators:** Modules, piping, headers ### **Petrochemical & Refining:** - **Catalytic Cracking Units:** Transfer lines, cyclones, plenums - **Hydroprocessing Units:** Exchanger shells, piping, manifolds - **Reformer Units:** Piping, headers, manifolds - **Hydrogen Plants:** Shift converter piping, heat exchanger shells ### **Oil & Gas Production:** - **Hydrogen Sulfide Service:** Wellhead components, Christmas trees - **Enhanced Oil Recovery:** Steam injection piping, manifolds - **Gas Processing:** Amine contactor shells, heat exchangers - **Pipeline Systems:** Compressor station piping, valves ### **Chemical Processing:** - **Ammonia Plants:** Synthesis gas piping, waste heat boilers - **Methanol Synthesis:** Reactor internals, heat exchangers - **Ethylene Production:** Pyrogas cooler piping, transfer lines - **Sulfuric Acid Plants:** SO₂/SO₃ piping, heat exchangers ### **Heat Treating & Industrial Furnaces:** - **Heat Treating Trays:** Fixtures, baskets, grids - **Furnace Components:** Radiant tubes, muffles, retorts - **Conveyor Systems:** Chains, pins, brackets in hot zones --- ## **DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS** ### **Pressure Vessel Design (ASME BPVC Section VIII):** - **Maximum Allowable Stress:** Temperature-dependent values in ASME Section II, Part D - **Joint Efficiency:** Dependent on examination level - **Corrosion Allowance:** Typically 1.5-3.0 mm (1/16-1/8 in) ### **Piping Design (ASME B31.1/B31.3):** - **Pressure-Temperature Ratings:** Per ASME B16.5 for flanges - **Flexibility Analysis:** Required for thermal expansion - **Support Design:** Consider thermal movement ### **Temperature Limitations:** - **Maximum Design Temperature:** 593°C (1100°F) - **Minimum Design Temperature:** -29°C (-20°F) without impact testing - **Brittle Fracture Considerations:** Required below -29°C (-20°F) --- ## **CORROSION RESISTANCE** ### **General Corrosion:** - **Atmospheric:** Good (better than carbon steel) - **Fresh Water:** Good - **Sea Water:** Limited (not recommended for continuous immersion) ### **High-Temperature Corrosion:** - **Oxidation:** Good to 593°C (1100°F) - **Sulfidation:** Moderate resistance - **Carburization:** Fair resistance - **Nitridation:** Poor resistance ### **Specific Environments:** - **Hydrogen Service:** Excellent (per API 941 Nelson Curves) - **Amine Service:** Good - **Caustic:** Good at moderate temperatures - **Acids:** Poor (similar to carbon steel) --- ## **QUALITY ASSURANCE & CERTIFICATION** ### **Mill Certification Requirements:** - **Heat Number Traceability:** Required - **Chemical Analysis Report:** Heat and product analysis - **Mechanical Test Report:** Tensile, hardness, impact (if required) - **Heat Treatment Record:** Temperature and time documentation - **NDE Reports:** If specified ### **Marking Requirements (per ASTM A182):** - Manufacturer's name or symbol - Grade designation (F11) - Heat number - Size (for dimensional products) --- ## **STORAGE & HANDLING** - **Indoor Storage:** Recommended to prevent rusting - **Protective Coatings:** Oil or rust preventatives for long-term storage - **Handling:** Standard steel handling practices apply - **Safety:** Standard industrial safety practices --- ## **LIMITATIONS & SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS** ### **Temperature Limitations:** - **Upper Limit:** 593°C (1100°F) for continuous service - **Lower Limit:** -29°C (-20°F) without Charpy impact testing - **Thermal Cycling:** Good resistance to moderate cycling ### **Environmental Limitations:** - **Not Recommended For:** Strong acid or caustic service - **Chloride Stress Corrosion:** Susceptible in aqueous chloride environments - **Polythionic Acid Stress Corrosion:** Susceptible in shutdown conditions ### **Fabrication Considerations:** - **Hot Forming:** Requires reheat treatment - **Cold Forming:** Limited due to strength - **Heat Treatment After Welding:** Mandatory --- ## **TECHNICAL REFERENCES** 1. **ASTM A182/A182M-24:** Governing material specification 2. **ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section II, Part D:** Material properties 3. **API 941:** Steels for Hydrogen Service at Elevated Temperatures and Pressures 4. **ASME B31.1 & B31.3:** Power & Process Piping Codes 5. **NACE MR0175/ISO 15156:** Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in H2S-containing environments --- **Disclaimer:** This technical data sheet provides general information about ASTM A182 Grade F11 Class 1. For specific applications, always consult the latest edition of the ASTM standard, applicable codes (ASME, API, etc.), and conduct appropriate engineering analysis. Material properties can vary based on manufacturing processes, heat treatment, and section size. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A182, Grade F11, Class 1 Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <7230 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A182, Grade F11, Class 1 Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Spherical ASTM A182, Grade F11, Class 1 Particle Size Description -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Applications of Spherical ASTM A182, Grade F11, Class 1 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Applications of ASTM A182, Grade F11, Class 1 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers ASTM A182, Grade F11, Class 1 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of ASTM A182, Grade F11, Class 1 -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Spherical Powder drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3701 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition