Spherical ASTM A227 Steel Powder, Class II

ASTM A227 Steel Spherical Powder Wire, Class II Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A227 Steel Spherical Powder Wire, Class II Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Spherical ASTM A227 Steel Powder, Class II characteristics -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Spherical ASTM A227 Steel Powder, Class II Particle Size -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: -:- -:- 0-15μm ,5-25μm, 15-45μm, 15-53μm,20-63um, 45-75μm, 45-105μm, 45-150μm ,75-150μm. (Various granularities can be customized according to customer requirements) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Spherical ASTM A227 Steel Powder, Class II Applicable processes -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Laser/electron beam additive manufacturing (SLM/EBM, 3D printing) Direct laser deposition (DLD) Used in thermal spray (TSA) Powder hot isostatic pressing (HIP) Metal injection molding (MIM) Powder metallurgy (PM) Laser cladding (LC), etc. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Spherical ASTM A227 Steel Powder, Class II Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A227 Steel Wire, Class II Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Product Datasheet: ASTM A227 Class II Hard-Drawn Steel Wire** ## **1. Product Overview** **ASTM A227 Class II** is a premium-grade **cold-drawn, high-carbon steel wire** produced without subsequent heat treatment to achieve the **highest tensile strength levels** within the ASTM A227 specification. As the superior class in the hard-drawn spring wire category, Class II wire undergoes more severe cold drawing reductions than Class I, resulting in significantly higher strength and a corresponding increase in hardness and elastic limit. This wire is engineered for demanding spring applications where maximum load-bearing capacity in a minimal cross-section is critical, and where dynamic fatigue requirements are moderate. It represents the pinnacle of strength achievable through cold work alone in standard carbon spring wire. ## **2. International Standards & Designations** | System/Authority | Designation | Specification Title / Equivalent | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **ASTM International** | **ASTM A227/A227M** | Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn for Mechanical Springs | | **Class** | **Class II** | High Tensile Strength Grade | | **SAE** | **SAE J178** | Spring Wire - Hard Drawn (Carbon) - Includes high-strength grades | | **ISO** | **ISO 8458-2** | Mechanical springs - Steel spring wire - Part 2: Oil hardened and tempered spring wire *(Conceptual equivalent for high strength)* | | **JIS** | **JIS G 3521** | Hard Drawn Steel Wire for Springs (SW-H, high strength grade) | | **DIN** | **DIN 17223-1** | Patented cold drawn unalloyed steel spring wire - Special grade | | **Common Names** | Extra Hard Drawn Spring Wire, High-Tensile HD Wire, Super Hard Drawn | ## **3. Chemical Composition (% by Weight)** Class II wire utilizes the same base steel chemistry as Class I but achieves higher properties through more intensive processing. It typically starts with a higher-carbon steel rod to reach ultimate strength targets. | Element | ASTM A227 Requirement (Typical Basis Grade) | Typical % (for wire drawn from AISI 1070/1080 or similar) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Carbon (C)** | **0.65 - 0.85** | 0.70 - 0.85 | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.50 - 0.90 | 0.60 - 0.90 | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.040 | ≤ 0.030 | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.050 | ≤ 0.030 | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | 0.15 - 0.30 | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Balance | **Manufacturing Process Distinction:** The wire begins as a high-carbon steel rod (typically AISI 1070 or higher). It undergoes a precise **patenting process** to create an optimal fine pearlitic microstructure, followed by **more severe cold drawing reductions** than Class I wire. The final draw achieves the target diameter and the extreme level of cold work that defines Class II's superior strength. **No final tempering is applied.** ## **4. Mechanical & Physical Properties** Tensile strength is diameter-dependent with significantly higher values than Class I. Representative values are shown below. | Property | ASTM A227 Class II Specifications (Typical) | Test Standard | Notes | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Condition** | **Hard Drawn, Extra Hard** (Maximum cold work) | -- | Highest as-drawn strength commercially available in this wire type. | | **Tensile Strength** | **Varies by Diameter:**
• 0.5 mm (0.020 in): ~2400-2600 MPa (348-377 ksi)
• 2.0 mm (0.080 in): ~1950-2150 MPa (283-312 ksi)
• 4.0 mm (0.160 in): ~1700-1900 MPa (247-276 ksi)
• 6.0 mm (0.250 in): ~1550-1750 MPa (225-254 ksi) | ASTM A370 / E8 | **Approx. 10-15% higher than Class I** for same diameter. Refer to standard tables. | | **Torsion Test** | Required. Minimum twists are specified but are generally lower than Class I for the same diameter due to higher strength/reduced ductility. | ASTM A938 | Verifies wire integrity and absence of defects despite high strength. | | **Coiling Test** | Must coil without fracture around a mandrel. Mandrel size may be larger than for Class I due to reduced formability. | Visual/Functional | Indicates practical forming capability. | | **Surface Finish** | Smooth, bright, and free from imperfections. Surface quality is critical at these stress levels. | Visual/Microscopic | Superior finish minimizes stress risers. | | **Dimensional Tolerance** | Very tight, per ASTM A227 Table 1. | -- | Essential for precision spring manufacturing. | | **Modulus of Elasticity (E)** | ~205 GPa (29,700 ksi) | -- | Slightly higher due to severe cold work. | | **Modulus in Torsion (G)** | ~79 GPa (11,500 ksi) | -- | | | **Hardness** | Approx. 500-600 HV (Vickers) depending on diameter. | -- | Derived from tensile strength. | ## **5. Key Characteristics & Advantages** * **Maximum Tensile Strength:** Delivers the highest load capacity per cross-sectional area among standard hard-drawn carbon spring wires. * **High Elastic Limit:** Can be deflected to higher stress levels without taking a permanent set, enabling more efficient spring designs. * **Excellent Surface Integrity:** The drawing process produces a smooth, defect-free surface crucial for fatigue performance at high stress. * **Cost-Effective High Strength:** Provides strength levels approaching music wire (A228) at a lower cost, without requiring the most extreme drawing reductions. * **No Decarburization:** Absence of final heat treatment eliminates risk of surface decarburization, preserving full surface strength. * **Good Dimensional Stability:** Precise diameter control ensures consistent spring performance. ## **6. Primary Applications** Class II wire is specified for springs requiring maximum static strength or operating at high stress levels under moderate dynamic conditions. * **High-Stress Compression Springs:** In automotive clutches, heavy-duty brakes, industrial valves, and agricultural machinery. * **High-Load Extension Springs:** For industrial counterbalances, fitness equipment, and heavy-duty garage doors. * **Torsion Springs:** in high-torque applications such as relays, electrical switches, and mechanical actuators. * **Spring Washers (Belleville):** Where high load in a small space is required. * **Wire Forms for Retention:** High-strength clips, rings, and fasteners in automotive and aerospace sub-assemblies. * **Security & Lock Components:** Springs requiring high force and resistance to tampering. ## **7. Processing & Fabrication Guidelines** * **Spring Coiling:** Requires robust, precision coiling equipment. **Formability is lower than Class I.** Springs with tight coil indices may be challenging. **Stress relieving after coiling is MANDATORY.** * **Stress Relieving:** Critical to relieve coiling stresses and prevent relaxation in service. Typical cycle: **230-315°C (450-600°F)** for 30-60 minutes. This stabilizes dimensions without significantly reducing tensile strength. * **Plating/Coating:** Can be plated (zinc, nickel, etc.) but requires extreme caution. **Hydrogen embrittlement risk is HIGH** due to the extreme tensile strength. Baking within 1-4 hours post-plating is essential (typically 190-220°C for 3-8 hours, depending on thickness). * **Welding:** **NOT RECOMMENDED.** The high carbon content and extreme cold work make it extremely susceptible to cracking. Any welding will destroy the wire's properties locally. * **Limitations:** Not suitable for severe dynamic fatigue applications, very high cycle counts, or applications with significant shock loading. More brittle than oil-tempered or alloy wires. ## **8. Comparative Analysis: ASTM A227 Classes** | Property | **Class I** | **Class II** | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Tensile Strength** | Standard High | **Extra High (10-15% higher)** | | **Ductility/Formability** | Good | Moderate (More restrictive coiling limits) | | **Cost** | Lower | Higher (due to more processing) | | **Primary Design Driver** | General-purpose, cost-sensitive | **Maximum static strength, space-constrained** | | **Fatigue Performance** | Moderate | Moderate (limited by higher inherent stress) | | **Hydrogen Embrittlement Risk** | Medium | **Very High** | ## **9. Quality Assurance** Supplied with full certification including: * Heat chemical analysis * Mechanical test reports (tensile & torsion) for representative sizes * Dimensional compliance report * Statement of conformity to ASTM A227, Class II --- **Disclaimer:** This technical sheet is for informational purposes. Designers **must** consult the latest edition of **ASTM A227/A227M** for the definitive tensile strength tables, torsion requirements, and tolerances. The high strength of Class II wire necessitates careful spring design, proper processing, and thorough testing for the intended application. Consultation with an experienced spring manufacturer is strongly advised before specification. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A227 Steel Wire, Class II Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <6410 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ASTM A227 Steel Wire, Class II Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Spherical ASTM A227 Steel Powder, Class II Particle Size Description -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Applications of Spherical ASTM A227 Steel Powder, Class II -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Applications of ASTM A227 Steel Spherical Powder Wire, Class II -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers ASTM A227 Steel Spherical Powder Wire, Class II -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of ASTM A227 Steel Spherical Powder Wire, Class II -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Spherical Powder drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2881 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition