Spherical Crucible Steel Powder CPM® S90V® (420V®) Tool Steel Powder

Crucible Steel Spherical Powder CPM® S90V® (420V®) Tool Steel Spherical Powder Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel Spherical Powder CPM® S90V® (420V®) Tool Steel Spherical Powder Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Spherical Crucible Steel Powder CPM® S90V® (420V®) Tool Steel Powder characteristics -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Spherical Crucible Steel Powder CPM® S90V® (420V®) Tool Steel Powder Particle Size -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: -:- -:- 0-15μm ,5-25μm, 15-45μm, 15-53μm,20-63um, 45-75μm, 45-105μm, 45-150μm ,75-150μm. (Various granularities can be customized according to customer requirements) -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Spherical Crucible Steel Powder CPM® S90V® (420V®) Tool Steel Powder Applicable processes -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Laser/electron beam additive manufacturing (SLM/EBM, 3D printing) Direct laser deposition (DLD) Used in thermal spray (TSA) Powder hot isostatic pressing (HIP) Metal injection molding (MIM) Powder metallurgy (PM) Laser cladding (LC), etc. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Spherical Crucible Steel Powder CPM® S90V® (420V®) Tool Steel Powder Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel CPM® S90V® (420V®) Tool Steel Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Product Introduction: Crucible CPM® S90V® (420V®) Tool Steel** Crucible CPM® S90V® (marketed historically as 420V®) is a premium martensitic stainless tool steel manufactured via the advanced Crucible Particle Metallurgy (CPM) process. It is specifically engineered to deliver **exceptional wear resistance combined with good corrosion resistance**, positioning it uniquely between traditional high-wear tool steels and standard stainless steels. S90V achieves this through a very high vanadium content, which forms a large volume of hard, wear-resistant carbides within a chromium-rich, corrosion-resistant matrix. The CPM process is essential for this grade, as it enables a fine and homogeneous distribution of vanadium carbides that would otherwise be coarse and segregated in conventional ingot metallurgy. This results in **improved toughness, superior grindability, and excellent dimensional stability** compared to what would be achievable with a standard cast version of this alloy. CPM S90V is the material of choice for applications requiring long service life in abrasive and/or corrosive environments, particularly where standard corrosion-resistant steels like 440C lack sufficient wear resistance. --- ## **1. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** The chemistry is defined by high carbon, high chromium, and very high vanadium to achieve its dual wear-corrosion performance. | **Element** | **Carbon (C)** | **Chromium (Cr)** | **Vanadium (V)** | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | **Silicon (Si)** | **Manganese (Mn)** | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Content** | 2.30 | 14.00 | 9.00 | 1.00 | 0.50 | 0.50 | | **Role** | Partners with vanadium and chromium to form hard carbides. Essential for achieving high hardness and wear resistance. | Provides **stainless (corrosion-resistant) properties** by forming a passive chromium oxide layer. Also contributes to hardenability and wear resistance via chromium carbides. | **Primary wear element.** Forms a high volume fraction of extremely hard vanadium carbides (VC), which are the key to its outstanding abrasion resistance. | Enhances hardenability, increases toughness, and improves resistance to tempering. | Deoxidizer and solid solution strengthener. | Aids in deoxidation and improves hardenability. | *Note: Iron (Fe) constitutes the remainder. Nickel (Ni) and Copper (Cu) are typically present in trace amounts.* --- ## **2. Physical & Mechanical Properties** *Typical properties after proper heat treatment to 58-60 HRC.* * **Density:** ~7.64 g/cm³ (0.276 lb/in³) * **Modulus of Elasticity:** ~200 GPa (29 x 10⁶ psi) * **Thermal Conductivity:** Low, due to the high alloy and carbide content. * **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** ~10.8 x 10⁻⁶/°C (20-100°C) * **Corrosion Resistance:** **Good.** Superior to non-stainless tool steels (like D2, M2) and comparable to or better than 440C in many environments, due to its ~14% chromium content in a properly heat-treated martensitic matrix. * **Hardness (Typical Working Range):** **57 - 61 HRC.** Most commonly used at **58-60 HRC** for an optimal balance of wear resistance, toughness, and corrosion resistance. * **Abrasion Resistance:** **Exceptional for a stainless steel.** Its wear resistance is dramatically higher than 440C and approaches that of dedicated high-wear non-stainless PM steels like CPM 10V. It is among the most wear-resistant stainless steels commercially available. * **Toughness:** **Moderate.** Its toughness is lower than less alloyed stainless steels like 440C or 154CM, but the CPM process provides significantly better toughness than a conventionally processed version of this alloy would have. It is suitable for applications without severe impact. * **Grindability (Hardened):** **Difficult.** The high volume of hard vanadium carbides makes grinding challenging. Diamond or CBN (Cubic Boron Nitride) abrasives are strongly recommended for sharpening and finishing. --- ## **3. Heat Treatment** Heat treatment must be precise to optimize the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. * **Annealing:** Heat to 900-925°C (1650-1700°F), slow cool at ≤15°C/hr to 600°C. Annealed hardness: 240-280 HB. * **Preheating:** **Essential.** Use a double preheat: First at 540-650°C (1000-1200°F), then at 815-870°C (1500-1600°F). * **Austenitizing:** 1105-1160°C (2025-2120°F). A common range is **1120-1145°C (2050-2095°F)**. Higher temperatures increase hardness and wear resistance but can reduce corrosion resistance and toughness. * **Quenching:** Air quench or positive pressure gas quench. **Do not oil quench,** as it can compromise corrosion resistance and cause staining. * **Tempering:** **Mandatory.** Temper immediately after quenching. **Minimum of two tempers**, each for 2+ hours. **Typical tempering range: 205-540°C (400-1000°F).** * For maximum corrosion resistance, temper at **205-425°C (400-800°F)**. Avoid the 425-565°C (800-1050°F) range to prevent chromium carbide precipitation, which can reduce corrosion resistance ("sensitization"). * For maximum toughness and stability (sacrificing some corrosion resistance), temper at **540-565°C (1005-1050°F)**. * **Sub-Zero Treatment:** Optional but often recommended after quenching and before tempering to transform retained austenite, improving dimensional stability and maximizing hardness. --- ## **4. Key Applications** CPM S90V is ideal for components that suffer from wear in environments where corrosion is also a concern. * **Food & Chemical Processing:** Pump seals, valves, wear plates, and mixer components handling abrasive slurries or corrosive media. * **Marine & Offshore:** Bearings, bushings, and wear parts exposed to saltwater or high humidity. * **Precision Knives & Blades:** High-end cutlery, surgical instruments, and industrial blades where extreme edge retention and stain resistance are required (e.g., for cutting fibrous or abrasive materials in wet environments). * **Plastics & Extrusion:** Screws, barrels, and dies for processing filled or reinforced plastics (glass, minerals) where corrosion from additives or condensation may occur. * **General Wear Parts in Corrosive Atmospheres:** Guide pins, nozzles, and slitters where standard tool steels would rust. --- ## **5. International Standards & Cross-References** CPM S90V is a proprietary grade. The name "420V" was its original commercial designation. * **UNS:** No standard UNS designation. * **AISI/SAE:** No direct equivalent. It is a proprietary martensitic stainless tool steel. * **European (EN):** No direct equivalent. Roughly similar in concept to some high-vanadium stainless tool steels. * **ISO:** No direct equivalent. * **Common Trade Names/Equivalents:** **420V** (original Crucible name), **CPM S90V**. The closest competitor analogues are other PM-produced high-vanadium stainless steels like **Böhler M390** or similar grades. --- ## **6. Advantages & Limitations** **Advantages:** * **Uncommon Property Combination:** Offers one of the best available combinations of wear resistance and corrosion resistance in a single martensitic steel. * **Superior Wear Resistance to Other Stainless Steels:** Vastly outperforms 440C, 154CM, and D2 in abrasive environments. * **CPM Benefits:** Good toughness and grindability for its alloy level, along with excellent dimensional stability. * **High Hardness Attainability:** Can achieve a high hardness (58-60+ HRC) while maintaining corrosion resistance. **Limitations:** * **Lower Toughness:** Not suitable for high-impact applications. More brittle than 440C or AEB-L. * **Difficult Machining & Grinding:** Requires carbide tooling and diamond/CBN abrasives, increasing manufacturing cost. * **Complex & Sensitive Heat Treatment:** Tempering must be carefully selected based on the priority of corrosion resistance vs. toughness. * **Higher Cost:** Due to high alloy content and PM processing. --- ## **7. Summary** **Crucible CPM S90V (420V) is a specialized, high-performance stainless tool steel that solves a distinct set of engineering challenges.** It is the definitive choice when component failure is driven by a combination of abrasive wear and environmental corrosion, and where using a non-stainless, higher-wear steel is not an option due to rusting. Its exceptional wear resistance, derived from its high vanadium carbide content, sets it apart from nearly all other corrosion-resistant steels, making it a premium material for demanding applications in cutlery, industrial processing, and marine technology. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel CPM® S90V® (420V®) Tool Steel Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <6958 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel CPM® S90V® (420V®) Tool Steel Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Spherical Crucible Steel Powder CPM® S90V® (420V®) Tool Steel Powder Particle Size Description -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Applications of Spherical Crucible Steel Powder CPM® S90V® (420V®) Tool Steel Powder -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Applications of Crucible Steel Spherical Powder CPM® S90V® (420V®) Tool Steel Spherical Powder -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers Crucible Steel Spherical Powder CPM® S90V® (420V®) Tool Steel Spherical Powder -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of Crucible Steel Spherical Powder CPM® S90V® (420V®) Tool Steel Spherical Powder -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Spherical Powder drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3429 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition